결제 전환 목표 아키텍처 정의 (1/2) (1/2) (SPRING-ARC-QUALITY-1783831207)
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# Decision Record: Payment Boundary
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# ADR for Payment Boundary Definition
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## Context
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## Context
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We need to define clear boundaries around the payment processing functionality in our system to ensure maintainability, separation of concerns, and adherence to clean architecture principles. The system will interface with external payment gateways, which introduces potential risks and complexities.
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In the payment processing system, clarity and delineation of boundaries are critical for ensuring security, maintainability, and scalability. Understanding the interactions between different components that handle payment transactions will help manage risks associated with payment data and integrations with external systems.
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The current system lacks a well-defined architecture for its payment processing boundaries. This has led to difficulties in isolating payment-related components, enforcing security measures, and integrating with third-party payment providers.
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## Decision
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## Decision
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We have decided to isolate the payment gateway integration behind a port interface, allowing the domain logic to remain agnostic of the actual payment gateway being used. This means that the domain layer will define interfaces (ports) for payment interactions, while the implementation (adapters) will handle specific payment methods (e.g., credit card, PayPal, etc.).
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1. **Establish Clear Payment Boundaries**:
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- Define a dedicated Payment Service responsible for handling all payment transactions.
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- Separate the payment logic from other business logic to adhere to the single responsibility principle.
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- The Payment Service will interact with external payment gateways, ensuring that sensitive payment data remains secure and encapsulated.
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2. **Adopt Event-Driven Architecture**:
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- Introduce an event bus for communication between the Payment Service and other components (e.g., Order Service, Notification Service). This will allow for decoupled interactions and better scalability.
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- Utilize events such as `PaymentProcessed`, `PaymentFailed`, and `RefundProcessed` to notify other services about payment outcomes.
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3. **Implement Strong Authentication and Authorization**:
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- All access to the Payment Service must go through an authentication layer, verifying the identity and permissions of the calling service.
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- Enforce strict access controls to sensitive payment processing endpoints.
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## Alternatives
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## Alternatives
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1. **Direct Integration**: Integrate the payment gateway directly within the domain layer.
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- **Consequences**: This would tightly couple the domain logic with specific payment gateways, making the system harder to maintain and adapt to changes in payment providers.
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2. **Use of Service Layer**: Introduce a service layer that manages payment operations.
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- **Tightly Coupled Monolithic Approach**: Keeping the payment logic embedded within a monolithic application, which would simplify communications at the cost of flexibility and security. Not recommended due to increased risk and reduced scalability.
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- **Consequences**: While this adds a layer of abstraction, it does not solve the core issue of the domain being aware of payment details. This approach may complicate the architecture without clear benefits.
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- **Using Microservices Without Boundaries**: Deploying multiple microservices interacting directly with each other without a clear Payment Service, leading to potential security vulnerabilities and a tangled codebase. Not recommended due to maintainability concerns.
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## Consequences
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## Consequences
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- By isolating the payment gateway integrations through a port interface, we ensure that business logic remains clean and focused on core functionalities, enabling easier testing, adaptation, and maintenance in the future.
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- This architecture choice facilitates ease of switching payment providers with minimal impact on the core domain logic.
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Implementing these boundaries will lead to:
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- Increased security around payment processing, protecting sensitive customer data.
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- Improved maintainability, as the payment logic is separate from other business functionalities.
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- Greater scalability, with an event-driven model allowing for easier integration of additional services as needed.
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- Enhanced resilience through decoupling, allowing individual services to scale and handle failures independently.
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